Dorothy and the Tree Essay Example for Free

Dorothy and the Tree Essay Dorothy and the Tree: A Lesson in Epistemology Stanley Fish discusses how we in society base our lives off of assumptions. Using the example of Dorothy and the tree, Fish is able to show how with our assumptions, we as people categorize others and things into what we believe to be correct. Whether or not we have actually taken the time to figure out if we are right is irrelevant. He notes that we should just â€Å"keep trying to expand our sense of ‘us’ as far as we can†, so we can avoid judgments and isolating ourselves from the rest of society. Even though Dorothy realizes her mistake, she doesn’t realize that it is not a failure, but her consciousness assuming the classification of things in the world. Fish later on defines thought as the â€Å"structure that at once enables perception†, meaning that within categories things emerge, limiting perception and nothing can allow one to see everything because that is God’s job. Fish uses many Bible allusions to create justification for his assertions. He uses Genesis 1:26, and Paul’s road to Damascus to show that people can be persuaded to change their placement of things in society. Despite all of his valid points, Fish states that it is nearly impossible for one to change just on realizations. He believes it takes practice to accept the fact that there are things that we cannot comprehend because there is no limit on the conceptual trappings of society.

The Coral Ecosystem And How It Is Changing :: essays research papers

Coral reefs are one of nature’s most magnificent creations, filled with thousands of unique and valuable plants and animals. More than one quarter of all marine animals is dependent on coral reefs. Coral reefs are also a source of food and income for millions of people too. The coral reef ecosystems benefit humans commercially, recreationally and environmentally. Because of the complex interconnections between coral reefs, mangrove forests, sea grass beds, and many other different plants and animals, coral is very susceptible to destruction. One small change in any of these things can affect mass quantities of coral. That is why it is important to educate people about coral and how complex of a species they really are. That is the purpose of this report, to educate you and make you aware of that complexity.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Coral is often mistakenly identified as a rock, but in all actuality, it is an animal. The actual coral is composed of small animals called coral polyps. Most polyps are very small, although rare species can grow quite large. One coral branch or mound is composed of thousands of polyps. These thousands of polyps are called a coral colony. Polyps are nocturnal and stay inside their skeletons during the day. However, at night they can be seen when they stick their tentacles out to feed. Corals reproduce in many different ways. Some species are hermaphrodites, and produce both sperm and eggs, and some are single sexed organisms. They can reproduce both sexually or asexually. In most species, the egg and sperm are released into the water and random fertilization occurs. This is called coral spawning. The larva is attracted to the light and swims to the surface of the water where it remains for weeks. If the larva can survive without being eaten by predators, it will sink back to the bottom of the ocean floor. Hear it will attach itself to a hard substrate and will grow into a coral polyp. At this point, the coral polyp begins to reproduce asexually. As new polyps are built and added a colony develops. Eventually the coral colony matures and begins to reproduce sexually again, adding to the ever-continual cycle of life. One of the most amazing aspects of coral reproduction is that of mass coral spawning. In many parts of the world, on the same night of the year, every coral will spawn at the same time.

Marriott Corporation” the Cost of Capital Essay

What is the weighted average cost of capital for the Marriott Corporation and cost of capital for each of its divisions? – What risk-free rate and risk premium did you use to calculate the cost of equity? – How did you measure the cost of debt? – How did you measure the beta for each division? Solution What risk-free rate and risk premium did you use to calculate the cost of equity? – Risk-free rate proxy The risk-free rate is determined using the yields of U.S. Treasury securities, which are risk-free from default risk. U.S. Treasuries are subject to interest rate risk, therefore, the selected maturity should correspond to an investment horizon[1]. – Investment horizon According to the cost-of-capital calculation methodology used by Marriott Corporation, lodging division was treated as long-term, while restaurant and contract services divisions were treated as short-term because those assets had shorter useful lives. – Expected return proxy Arithmetic average return is more suitable than geometric mean as it is better in estimating an investment’s expected return over a future horizon based on its past performance (geometric mean is a better description of long-term historical performance of an investment). – Risk-free interest rate Taking into account the above, arithmetic average annual returns of long-term U.S. government bonds for the period 1951-1987 (4.88%, see Appendix 1) is  considered to be risk-free rate for lodging division. Arithmetic average annual returns of short-term U.S. government bonds for year 1987 (5.46%, see Case Exhibit 4) is considered to be risk-free rate for restaurant and contract services divisions. – Market proxy S&P 500 index is selected as a market proxy as it is believed to be close to the true market portfolio. As it is important to use historical returns for the same market index used to calculate beta (which is given), an assumption is made that the given leverage data is calculated based on the same S&P 500 index. – Market risk premium Market risk premium should be calculated for the same horizon as that used for the risk-free interest rate. Thus a spread between S&P 500 composite returns and long-term U.S. government bond returns for the period 1951-1987 (7.88%, see Appendix 2) is a market risk premium for lodging division. A spread between S&P 500 composite returns and short-term U.S. government bond returns for year 1987 (-0.23%, see Case Exhibit 5) is a market risk premium for restaurant and contract services divisions. How did you measure the cost of debt? Marriott Corporation and each division are given market value-target leverage ratios and credit spreads as well as U.S. government interest rates as of April 1988 (see Case Tables A and B). According to investment horizons discussed above, the following cost of debt is estimated: How did you measure the beta for each division? Ideally, when estimating beta by using past returns, time interval should be consistent with an investment horizon. Betas given in Case Exhibit 3 are estimated over 1986-1987 period. As these are the only betas given, they are assumed to be relevant for both long-term and short-term investment horizons. Equity betas of each division are calculated from comparable hotel and restaurant companies. Equity betas are then unlevered taking into account financing structure of each company according to the following formula: [pic], where Tax = 40% An average of unlevered betas of comparable companies is assumed to be a proxy for unlevered betas of Marriott divisions. For calculations of unlevered betas for each division see Appendix 4. What is the weighted average cost of capital for the Marriott Corporation and cost of capital for each of its divisions? WACC is calculated according to the formula given in the case taking into account the tax shield. Cost of equity is calculated according to CAPM model.

The Advertisement Of Carl Jr. - 1059 Words

Advertisements are everywhere these days and can be extremely annoying. They will try and get people to buy anything from food to cars and everything else in between. Advertisements have also started to rely heavily on the sexual elements to sell its products. An example of this advertisement would be the ad for Carl’s Jr. or Hardee’s. In this ad, it features Paris Hilton standing in a very seductive way holding a cheeseburger. She takes up half of the ad while the other half is of the actual product with some text. Carl’s Jr. started these racy ads back in 2005 and are known to feature models in bikinis in their advertisements to try and attract younger men. This advertisement heavily relies on sexual appeal to sell its products by using a very sexy and provocative Paris Hilton and using double entendre in its text. The intended audience for this Carl’s Jr. Ad is men and only men. This advertisement uses a lot of sexual elements to get men to go to any local Carl’s Jr. and buy themselves a burger. A way that this ad captures the audience is by using pathos. The main part of the pathos appeal is with the sex appeal of Paris Hilton in the photo. They are trying to connect to the emotional side of men. By using Paris Hilton as one of the main focuses, the advertisement can lead men to think that by eating at Carl’s Jr. they can get themselves a woman like Paris Hilton, but if you have ever gone to a Carl’s Jr. before, that is clearly not the case. Another way they are tryingShow MoreRelatedCarls Jr. Commercial1048 Words   |  5 Pagesmen that can be tricked by a mere image of a woman, in a bikini, eating a cheese burger. The advertisements in today’s world have been altered to use women as bait to reel in men and buy the product without any hesitation. If I told you that if you go to Carl’s Jr. and purchase a cheeseburger and a gorgeous model comes with the burger, would you buy it? I sure would†¦if only it were true. Carl’s Jr. is known for having its famous juicy, charbroiled, seven hundred calorie burgers. AnytimeRead MoreRhetorical Analysis on Heidi Klum’s Carl’s Jr. Commercial1109 Words   |  5 PagesThe Carl’s Jr. â€Å"Jim Beam Bourbon Burger† featuring the beautiful Heidi Klum, is one of the company’s top ten commercials. It begins with the model dressed as a parody of Mrs.Robinsons from the movie â€Å"The Graduate†. She continues the commercial by asking a young man name Benjamin, located across the room if he likes bourbon burgers; then takes a big sexual yet nice bite of the burger in her hand. Walking across the room she stops the young man from leaving while shoving the burger into his mouthRead MoreSex Sells : Our World Revolves Around Sex1390 Words   |  6 Pagesthere is one reason for this; sex sells. Major corporations hire advertising firms who’s main objective is to acquire a larger consumer database. For them to accomplish that they use erotic and provocative images that are added unnecessarily to advertisements, which then arouses interest from people in that particular product or brand. Tom Reichert, professor and head of the department of advertising and public relations in the UGA Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communication said, Sex sellsRead MoreThe Media Of Sexual Advertisements1043 Words   |  5 Pages We are all familiar with the extent of sexual advertisements today. Advertisements can be overly erotic and push the threshold to being pornography. Carls Jr. is well known for their sexual advertisements that purposely expose a half dressed women eating a giant cheeseburger. There have been several advertisements of this nature throughout the last decade, but this type of sexual campaigning began with Paris Hilton’s ad for the Spicy BBQ Six Dollar Burger. The ad only showed the burger for aboutRead MoreFast Food Nation By Eric Schlosser1596 Words   |  7 Pagesof the industry. Fast Food Na tion opens with the story of Carl N. Karcher and how he started his restaurant Carl’s Jr Hamburgers. He describes how Karcher, like many other founders of famous fast food chains, came from humble beginnings and gradually built his way up in the business. We see the stories of many other founders such as Ray A Kroc, who marketed the McDonald s franchise and worked for the McDonalds brothers as their advertisement and salesmen. He eventually took over and built up the companyRead MoreMarketing Mix Netflix1467 Words   |  6 Pagesmust consider who the audience is and what the best way is to target them. This could include television advertisements, radio advertisements, mailing and so on. There is no one best way to advertise, it really depends on the product and its audience. This is a very important aspect of marketing, and often times a good or bad promotional campaign can make or break a product or service (Perreault, Jr. McCarthy,2005). The final P in the marketing mix is Pricing, which is the most difficult element toRead MoreBurger King : A Great Place For Run A Business, Like Burger Kings Essay997 Words   |  4 Pagesbuilding in a strip mall and across the street from Arapahoe High School. On the other side is a townhouse complex. Overall, this is an ideal spot for Burger King. Quicklook: Direct Competition - McDonald’s, Smashburger, Five Guys, Wendy’s, Carl s Jr., Jack in the Box, Good Times Indirect Competition - KFC, Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, Del Taco, Subway, Chipotle, Jersey Mike s Subs, Arby’s, Chick-Fil-A Economic - In the community, most people can afford to buy food from Burger King because BurgerRead MoreFast Food War in Singapore673 Words   |  3 Pagestweaking to be suited to consumers abroad. Q4. What type of promotional strategy should each major competitor use? McDonalds encouragement of the nag factor amongst children suggests that promoting the product to children using toys and advertisements would be the best possible strategy. Pizza Hut clearly promotes itself based upon convenience the convenience of tailoring the pizza to the consumers needs and the convenience of delivery. Coupons for discounted delivery and free toppings areRead MoreLove Yourself, There’s No One Better1294 Words   |  6 PagesMarilyn Monroe once said, â€Å"Wanting to be someone else is a waste of the person you are.† Self-esteem is a big controversial issue in our country today. Self-esteem is the confidence in one’s own worth or abilities. Carl Rodgers was the first psychologist to study the benefits of self-esteem. The self-esteem movement began around 1969 and there was a big push when the ‘me’ generation began in 1985 (Stephenson, 2004). Parents and teachers began to praise kids instead of punish them and to teach themRead MoreJob Analysis And Talent Management Essay1391 Words   |  6 PagesHR executive start staffing and selecting. Different types of jobs available in the KFC that will decide by the company management KFC New Zealand comes to Restaurant brands.Restaurant brands means some organisations like PIZZA HUT , STARBUKS,CARL S JR , This organisation owned by the restaurant brands . For example company have vacancies in office administrators role in the head office and in the stores team members, shift supervisors, duty mangers, assistant mangers, and mangers. KFC need

U.s. Foreign Policy During The Middle East - 1991 Words

For over the last two decades the Middle East has gradually gathered attention and has come to the forefront of U.S. foreign policy. The focus on this region began primarily after the attacks on the two World Trade Center’s in New York City on September 11th, 2001. Iraq was the initial target in the response to the devastating tragedy. This â€Å"response† involved an indefinite occupation with the intention of eliminating â€Å"weapons of mass destruction†, with intelligence under the Bush Administration allegedly confirming their existence. As this undeclared war on Iraq took place, U.S. foreign policy was initiated. It consisted of bringing down an authoritarian regime and establishing democracy within the state of Iraq, along with decimating any potential threats to the U.S. homeland. The major threat lying with terrorist organizations in the region such as Al-Qaeda, who were to blame for the 9/11 attacks on U.S. soil. Eventually the deployment of troops into Iraq was left without any particular cause, due to the revelation that Saddam Hussein’s regime had no possession of any nuclear weapons. And as U.S. troops struggled to figure out exactly what they were fighting for, an insurgency began to emerge. Is the U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East the cause of insurgency in the region along with the eventual formation of militant groups such as ISIS? The policies carried out by the United States consisted of establishing order and democracy in a state while also preventing anyShow MoreRelatedU.s. Foreign Policy Policies1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe U.S. foreign policy has always been linked to the domestic policy since the U.S. never feared of expanding its national interests over the national boarders. Isolation for the U.S. usually implied slow economic growth and the large number of destructive conflicts within, while impudent foreign policy always guaranteed an abrupt economic growth for the U.S. economy. After the U.S. inte rvened in the WWI and the WWII, the U.S. economy witnessed a tremendous economic growth, nearly elimination ofRead MoreSecretary Of State Condoleezza Rice1097 Words   |  5 Pagesof 2005, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice went up to 600 people at the American University in Cairo and delivered a very powerful speech on the advancement of democracy in the Middle East. â€Å"For 60 years, my country, the United States, pursued stability at the expense of democracy in this region here in the Middle East, and we achieved neither, she declared, â€Å"Now we are taking a different course. We are supporting the democratic aspirations of all people.† Her speech was seen as an attack on theRead MoreInternational Policy Between Western Countries And The Middle East Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER 3: DATA ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSION 1) ISIS changed foreign policy between western countries and the Middle East Data Analysis and Sources: *Empirical history USA Foreign policy: From 1945 to 1990 the United States of America kept an important military deployment in Europe and Asia and in contrast they had a low military footprint in the Middle East counting relying instead on their local allies; more particularly the conservative Arab monarchies in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Persian gulf and hadRead MoreThe Eisenhower Doctrine Of The Middle East1587 Words   |  7 Pages The Eisenhower Doctrine in the Middle East Mahmoud Mseddi History Society L2G1 Mediterranean School of Business November 29, 2015 â€Æ' The Eisenhower Doctrine in the Middle East Dwight David Ike Eisenhower was the 34th president of the United States of America and was in office from 1953 until 1961. His presidency can be considered as a bumpy but remarkable road from the foreign affairs side. Taking over the office during the cold war, he fiercely protected his country and his allies againstRead MoreIs The Cold War Really Over?1430 Words   |  6 Pagesbegan with ideological battles in the West and East. Political tensions and events are growing in the current conflicts in the Middle East and varied countries. The term â€Å"cold war† has rose again as new conflicts emerged from the Cold War era. After the prolong conflict between the West and East, the two sides continued their movement to bring sphere of influence over foreign countries. There are factors that concern upon the political events in foreign nations such as the War on Terror, Russian interventionRead MoreTo What Extent Did the Activities in Iran Prove Detrimental To Foreign Policy in the Reagan Administration?1745 Words   |  7 Pagesassesses the Reagan Administration and its inconsistent foreign policy in regards to Iran. The Iran-Contra Affair was a controversial crisis for the fortieth president. It involved two parts: the selling of weapons to Iran and then the siphoning of that money to Nicaragua. However, in this investigation, the situation with Iran will be more prominently discussed, rather than the Nicaraguan situation. The foreign policy pertaining to the Middle East will be analyzed for its confusion and complexity. TheRead MoreThe Pitfalls of American Interventionism Essay1468 Words   |  6 Pageseffects of Middle Eastern terrorism since June 5th, 1968, when Sirhan Sirhan, a Palestinian acting alone, shot and killed Senator Robert F. Kennedy in response to some pro-Israeli statements he made (Eland 10). United States support for the newly formed Israel had garnered a lot of hatred from native Palestinians, and Sirhan’s attack marked the b eginning of anti-American sentiment in the region. Starting with President Dwight D. Eisenhower, the United States had been interfering in the Middle East, usingRead MorePresident Obam A Progressive And Pragmatist850 Words   |  4 Pagespresident who is both a progressive and pragmatist. His approach at times can be progressive and at other times he is pragmatic when it comes to foreign policy issues. Also, he characterizes his foreign policy by being clearly being engaged in international affairs multilaterally and committed to humanitarianism. It is also interesting to note his foreign policy stance prior to becoming president, and Obama’s values themes, and perspectives on doctrine is outlined in his essay named â€Å"Renewing AmericanRead MoreHistory Of The Middle East1535 Words   |  7 Pages The United States first became involved with the Middle East during World War II. In the 50 years that followed, tensions between the U.S. and the Soviet Union tightened over political and economic aspirations in the Middle East. Eventually, most of the countries in the Middle East adopted a new idea of government that was based off of extreme Islamic views. When this happened, the United States’ involvement with the Middle East lessened, but they stayed present as they were a prime sourceRead MoreGeorge W. Bush s Foreign Policy Successful1601 Words   |  7 PagesBush’s foreign policy successful?  ¬ â€Å"Terrorist attacks can shake the foundations of our biggest buildings, but they cannot touch the foundation of America. These acts shatter steel, but they cannot dent the steel American resolve† - George. W. Bush Prior to World War I, the United States’ foreign policy remained predominantly isolated. However, upon the end of the war, American foreign policy saw a pragmatic shift from its original isolationistic nature to XXXXX . America’s policy then

Sustainability Using Renewable Energy And The Governments...

Despite the fact that the firms have been more inclined towards ensuring sustainability using renewable energy and the governments have instilled regulations to ensure that firms comply with the multitude of environmental rules and standards, the carbon footprint of the world has increased. Per a report published by the World Bank, the C02 emissions in 2000 was 4.034 metric tons per capita and in 2015 it increased to 4.996 metric tons per capita (C02 emissions, The World Bank). Even though the C02 emissions are increasing with a decreasing pace, the per year value has still gone up over the last 10 years. This indicates that while green businesses and a sustainable mindset has been the norm in organizations and their cultures, it still has not led to a fall in carbon emissions per year. The right mindset will aid the step in the right direction but the right execution is what will yield sustainable results. In 1997, Toyota launched the Prius which was the first ever full-hybrid electric vehicle and launched it in Japan and then in the United States. When in 1995 Toyota, a company known to be a ‘fast follower’ rather than a pioneer, announced that it is going to mass produce the first hybrid electric vehicle the general skepticism was high. In a time when chasing horsepower and breaking bounds of luxury was the norm, a hybrid vehicle was thought to be an avenue that would not be innovative or financially feasible. The Prius is an example of Disruptive Innovation as itShow MoreRelatedReview of Current Trend in Sustainable Manufacturing2827 Words   |  12 Pagesthere are some factors that still need to be ironed out so that manufacturing can go full swing into sustainable manufacturing. Sustainable manufacturing goal can be achieved through sourcing for materials locally, using natural resources for production instead of too much chemical, energy and resource conservation, r ecycling where whatever waste that the industry produces should and can be recycled and education about environment conservation through sustainable manufacturing to all. These importantRead MoreEssay about Whole Foods Market16819 Words   |  68 PagesUnited Kingdom. Whole Foods was founded by John Mackey, Renee Lawson Hardy, Craig Weller, and Mark Skiles. Whole Foods seeks out the finest natural and organic foods available, maintaining the strictest quality standards in the industry. They also have an unshakeable commitment to sustainable agriculture.[2] See Appendix A for a more detailed history. 1.2 Organization Mission Whole Foods talks about their mission in terms of â€Å"Whole Foods – Whole People – Whole Planet.† Each of these elementsRead MoreUrban Sprawl: Abu Dhabi Context7376 Words   |  30 Pagessprawling cities, like long distant commutes lack of pedestrian habits. Urban sprawls also allegedly encroach into the rural and perhaps greener lands outside the city, destroying the flora and fauna that depends on it. Over recent centuries, cities have come to be the single most significant form of collective human dwelling 6 and like any other aspect of human civilization which is directly related to its population, cities are destined to grow. More often than not, such a growth is spurredRead MoreUAE Consumer Lifestyle Analysis42818 Words   |  172 Pagesfrom a wide range of sources, starting with national statistics offices. This information was cross-checked for consistency, probability and mathematical accuracy. As well, the report seeks to fill the gaps in the official national statistics by using private-sector surveys and official pan-regional and global sources. Furthermore, Euromonitor International has undertaken an extensive amount of modelling in order to generate unique datasets that complement the available national standards. TheRead MoreI Love Reading Essay69689 Words   |  279 PagesGovernment of India b i n n o v a i c u l t u r w u s i n e s f E N T R E P R E N E UR S H I P m n a d c a t i o n u o n P l o y m e n t l t h e v i r o n m e n t n a n c e A Study by National Knowledge Commission Entrepreneurship in India National Knowledge Commission 2008  ©National Knowledge Commission, 2008 This report has been prepared by Amlanjyoti Goswami, Namita Dalmia and Megha Pradhan with support and guidance from Dr. Ashok Kolaskar and Mr. Sunil Bahri. TableRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesand Successes with this 11th edition. Who would have thought that interest in mistakes would be so enduring? Many of you are past users, a few even for decades. I hope you will find this new edition a worthy successor to earlier editions. I think this may even be my best book. The new Google and Starbucks cases should arouse keen student interest, and may even inspire another generation of entrepreneurs. A fair number of the older cases have faced significant changes in the last few years

American history since 1876 Free Essays

Wars often have a significant impact upon the domestic development of a nation. Every nation at one point or the other has experienced a war of some sort and this has gone a long way in shaping economic, political and social lives of citizens. United States in particular had a fair share of wars especially looking back at the last two or so decades. We will write a custom essay sample on American history since 1876 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The World War and the Cold War were very instrumental in shaping what the United States of America is today. This discussion looks at how these two wars brought about changes in the political, social and economic arenas (Martin, G. S. 2004). The Second World War commonly referred to as World War 2 was conflict in the military that was felt throughout the world by all nations. The Cold War on the other hand was subsequent to the Second World War and it was a conflict between the western region of the world led by U. S and the Soviet Union. The effects of the world war were evident in many countries and United States was no exception. The effects were both negative and positive. They were negative in the sense there was a lot of destruction of property and many lives were lost. However there are also many positive effects in that many developments were achieved. The first notable development was in the area of technology. It is during the world war that the forerunner was developed which would later bring about the development of television. This paved way for the growth of the economy of what was later to become the world’s superpower. It was not all about growth. As already mentioned the Second World War also had far reaching negative effects. One of the greatest economic devastations that have always been associated with the Second World War was the Great Depression where banks closed unemployment soared as factories closed down, people starved, there were long queues for bread and the rural folks lost their mortgages. It was due to deteriorated housing conditions, unbearable working conditions and unavailability of essential commodities that is said to have brought the economic growth down. The government’s ability to control the economy through control over spending and consumption emerged during the great depression. It is thus believed that the Great Depression did contribute indirectly to the growth of the economy of the U. S. It is also clear that the Cold War left the U. S as the only super power with Russia having collapsed (Martin, G. S. 2004). The World War 2 and the Cold did also have effects on the social and cultural life of the Americans. It was evident that after such a long period of war American citizens were finding it hard to adjust to the ordinary life. It took them a couple of years before they could adjust but finally they were able to. However from research conducted there are clear indications that the general living standards of American citizens improved. In conclusion it is clear that the Second World War and the Cold war did have a great impact in the international community and United States in particular. The effects were both positive and negative. However in most cases the positive effects are more visible as America emerged as the world’s super power due to these wars. Words: 555 Reference: Martin, G. S. (2004). The Second World War: A Complete History, New York: SAGE. How to cite American history since 1876, Papers